The thesis topic I preferred in grad school was based on a book by Isaiah Berlin on Freedom. He discussed two types of freedom—freedom from and freedom to.
Many Americans focus on freedom from. They don’t want laws, rules, regulations. These may be from government or from religions. Just leave me alone to do what I want, they proclaim.
The concept of freedom to points to the freedom to create, to pursue the profession I’d like, to live my life.
The question pertinent to both of these ideas is Then What?
The philosopher Erich Fromm observed in the 1930s that many in western Europe had achieved this freedom from constraints. But then they didn’t know what to do with that freedom. Authoritarian political leaders leapt in to fill that void offering something to do with that void. Hate, anger toward those not like them, anger toward the rich, blame those of different faiths or cultures.
Sound familiar?
I think the apostle Paul struggled to explain this phenomenon. One of his earlier letters, that to the Jesus-followers in Galatia, tried to explain this new freedom given to us by Jesus’ resurrection. How we are now free from the rigid rules of the Hebrew scriptures and the overbearing judgements of the Pharisees.
He struggled with how to explain how we live with this new freedom. With the Then What?
He found a clear answer in the letter he wrote to the Roman group of Jesus Followers. After going through phases of spiritual formation, he explained the grace of God. Then in chapters 12-15 he answered Then What?
- Living sacrifice
- Genuine love
- Hate evil
- Love one another
- Subject to authorities
- Love your neighbor
- Don’t judge
- Don’t make another stumble
- Please others before yourself
These actually illuminate Jesus’ instructions, yes, even commands, to love one another as he loved us.
These ideas illustrate how we live in grace. We are not left to drift wondering how to fill our days making us prey to every articulate charlatan that comes along.
What is your Then What?
[The faculty closed the graduate program I was in before I got as far as the thesis. I was accepted into another program, but I now had a wife, two kids, and a job. I lost interest in credentials. I may still write that thesis for the fun of it.]
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